| To better grasp the situation of ECEC around the world, it is essential to understand the circumstances in each country. In this section, we introduce basic information ranging from population size and educational investment in the country to educational systems, mainly focusing on the preschool phase. It is our humble hope that this information will be of some use to our readers who are interested in ECEC around the world. |
Updated on August 21, 2015
1. Capital: Ottawa
2. Population: 35 871 000 (2015)
3. Official/National Language(s): English, French
4. Currency: Canadian dollar (CAD)
5. System of Education and Childcare
- Education system: Varies in each state or territory; usually 6 to 8 years of primary education followed by 4 to 6 years of secondary education. Tertiary education starts at age 18 except Quebec where grade 12 is a part of post-secondary.
- Regulating authority: Each state or territory. Canada-wide authority is the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC).
- Compulsory education: Differs in each state. In most state, children are required to attend schools at least from age 6 to age 16.
- 3 year old: N/A
- 4 year old: N/A
- 5 year old: N/A
- 6 year old: N/A
- Pre-primary, primary, secondary, and post-secondary non-tertiary: 3.6 % (2010)
- All levels of education combined: 5.6% (2010)
- Primary: N/A
- Pre-primary, Primary, Lower secondary: 16 (2011)
- PISA 2012: Math-13, Reading-7, Science-10
- TIMSS 2011 (4th grade): Not participated
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Reference
- 2. Population Division, United Nations. World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision.
http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm. - The Council of Ministers of Education, Canada. Education in Canada: an Overview.
http://www.cmec.ca/299/Education-in-Canada-An-Overview/index.html. - Canada Education. Canada Education System.
http://www.canada-education.org/res/EducationSystem_Canada.pdf. - 6. OECD (2014). Education at a Glance 2014: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2014-en. Table C2.1 Enrolment rates in early childhood and primary education, by age (2005, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933118333. - 7. OECD (2014). Education at a Glance 2014: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2014-en. Table B4.1. Total public expenditure on education (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933117573. - 8. OECD (2014). Education at a Glance 2014: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2014-en. Table D2.1. Average class size, by type of institution and level of education (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933119682. - 9. OECD (2014). Education at a Glance 2014: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2014-en. Table D2.2. Ratio of students to teaching staff in educational institutions (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933119682. - 10. OECD (2013). PISA 2012 RESULTS IN FOCUS. Snapshot of performance in mathematics, reading and science. http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-snapshot-volume-I-ENG.pdf.
- Martin, M.O., Mullis, I.V.S., Foy, P., & Arora, A. (2012).The TIMSS 2011 International Results in Mathematics. Chestnut Hill, MA: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Boston College. http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/timss2011/downloads/T11_IR_M_Chapter1.pdf, p.40.
- Martin, M.O., Mullis, I.V.S., Foy, P., & Stanco, G.M. (2012). The TIMSS 2011 International Results in Science. Chestnut Hill, MA: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Boston College. http://timss.bc.edu/timss2011/downloads/T11_IR_S_Chapter1.pdf, p.38.
